THE ROLE OF SIRT1 IN EXERCISE-INDUCED METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE
Yuldosheva Roila Jumayevna
Senior lecturer, Department of Chemstry and Biology Karshi State University, Karshi city, Uzbekistan
Keywords: SIRT1, physical exercise, physical performance, metabolism, oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, AMPK, PGC-1α.
Abstract
Physical exercise induces numerous metabolic and molecular adaptations that enhance physical performance, metabolic health, and healthy aging. Among the key molecular regulators involved in exercise adaptation, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase, has emerged as a central mediator linking cellular energy status to gene expression and metabolic regulation. SIRT1 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress responses, inflammation, glucose metabolism, lipid oxidation, and skeletal muscle remodeling. Exercise-induced activation of the AMPK–SIRT1–PGC-1α signaling pathway enhances mitochondrial function and energy production, thereby contributing to improved endurance and metabolic flexibility. Recent studies indicate that both acute and chronic exercise increase SIRT1 expression and activity in skeletal muscle and circulating blood, although these responses vary depending on exercise type, intensity, duration, and participant characteristics. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the mechanisms by which exercise regulates SIRT1, its role in exercise-induced metabolic adaptations, and its potential implications for athletic performance and healthy aging. Furthermore, future perspectives on nutritional and pharmacological strategies targeting SIRT1 are discussed.
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